The Dairy plant shall be situated in an open, hygienic surrounding free from radioactive fallout.
The
plant shall be 50 meters away from the major or main roads where lots
of dust, mud and obnoxious fumes, smoke or odours are present as a
result of automobile traffic.
The plant shall be located 50 meters away from the garbage dumping sites.
The plant shall be located 50 meters away from the open sewerage line.
The plant shall be located 50 meters away from the motor vehicle garage.
Premises
The structure housing the unit shall be of sufficient area to carry out work under sanitary/ hygienic condition.
Structure
and design shall be able to allow for location of equipment in such a
way that does not impede product and personnel flow.
Structure
and design shall be able to allow for location of equipment in such a
way that does not impede product and personnel flow.
Materials used in construction shall be non-toxic to human.
The materials shall be water proof and non-decomposable under the work environment. BUT this excludes polyethylene linings.
The walls inside the workroom shall be smooth, cleanable, and have uniform pattern.
Wall and ceiling
The elements used for construction shall be consistent, fitted together with no slits left between them and no vestigial studs.
The joinery points shall be done using food grade silicon filler (Does not react with water).
The ceiling shall be at a sufficient height, to give adequate clearance for activities in the work room.
The walls and ceiling shall be free from flake (peeling) paint and leak proof.
Floor
The
architectural design of the floor shall be in such a way that it allows
for liquid matter to flow towards the waste drainage.
Shall be made of water proof material (Terrazzo or Tiles).
Shall be made of materials resistant to chemical actions by alkali and acids.
The floor shall be made of materials tolerant to very low and very high temperature.
Drainage
Drainage shall be adequate and sufficient to drain away waste water/ liquids.
The direction of waste flow shall be from the clean side (High risk) to the dirty side (low risk).
The
drainage shall have protective covers (suitably perforated) to allow in
liquid waste but also does not impede movement of trolleys and loaders.
The drainage shall have screens at inspection points to trap any solid soils moving along.
Drainage
leading to the outside shall be made in such a way that it has screens
and siphons to the outside and prevents entry of vermin.
Lighting
There shall be adequate bright white light either of natural (solar) or artificial (electricity) source.
Fittings shall be protected and fitted in such a way that they do not pose any chance of contamination.
The conduits shall be water proof to prevent possible electrical fires and shocks during cleaning.
Ventilation
There shall be adequate ventilation to provide sufficient air circulation.
There shall be extractor fans to suck out used air, moisture, heat and bad odours.
The ventilators and windows shall be positioned on the side away from the toilets, and suspected contaminated air.
Water supply
There shall be water reticulation system laid out in a way that prevents possible contamination.
Potable water shall be of quality standard as spelt out in US 201.
The
water line for generating steam, firefighting and that used for cooling
the condensers shall be on a different reticulation while in the
premises.
Waste disposal
There shall be adequate and appropriate means to dispose of wastes.
There
shall be a drainage adequate and sufficient to drain off waste water
and other liquids to the main drainage channel and soak pits where
applicable.
There shall be adequate and suitable bins in which to collect solid wastes generated during production.
The bins shall be in such a position that does not pose a risk of contamination to the milk and milk products.
Personnel hygiene
All workers shall undergo medical examination to determine their health fitness to handle milk.
The
medical examination shall test for tuberculosis, inter-gastro worms
(helminths), vibrio cholerae, Shigella sp. Salmonellae Typhae, skin
diseases and General health and a medical certificate for health fitness
shall be maintained. Any worker who fails the medical test shall not be
allowed to handle milk and milk products.
In case a worker has
boils, sores, pimples and any other communicable diseases, shall first
see a medical officer for appropriate treatment before working directly
on milk and milk products.
Staff shall bathe with non-perfumed soap before and after work.
All
workers shall observe the basic principles of hygiene. Short finger
nails, no beard, clean teeth, no spitting in work area, nose picking no
body perfumes, not drunk, no bangles, and bracelets, watches, nail
vanish, and no make-up on face.
Workers shall be provided with suitable (preferably white) overcoats or overalls that are cleanable.
Visitors shall be provided with protective wear.
There
shall be adequate hygiene facilities to ensure acceptable level of
hygiene and shall be located in such areas that their doors do not open
directly to the work area. The facilities shall be provided with
adequate water supply, detergents and disinfectants and hand drying
materials in suitable locations.
Workers shall have adequate change rooms with lockers where to keep personal belongings separate for both sexes.
Shall be adequate bathing rooms with body towels.
There
shall be separate eating rooms with suitable seats and smoke room with
ashtrays. At no time shall the workroom be used as the eating room.
There shall be adequate, clean toilets easily accessible and provided with tissue paper.
